Antislipping stud or block.



T. SLOPER. ANTISLIPPING STUD DR BLOCK. APPLIbA'rIon FILED mm: a, 1909.

Patenfied Feb. 8, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

T. SLOPER.

ANTISLIPPIHG STUD on BLOCK.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 3, 1909.

Patented Feb. 8, 1910.

2 SHEBTSBHEET 2.

' subject of the Kin block whic U N [TED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS SLOPER, OF DEVIZES, ENGLAND.

ANTISLIPPING.QTUD OR BLOCK.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I. Titan-As Smrsn, a of England, residing at Devizes, in \Viltsliire, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Antislipping Studs or Blocks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is for improvements in or relating to non-slipping surfaces for elastic tires and other elastic goods and has for its object to provide a non-slipping stud or is so constructed that it can be firmly secured in the rubber or other elastic material with which it is to be employed.

It is well known thatgreat difiiculty is experienced in so securing the metallic or other studs emplo ed for instance with tires that they do not become torn out from the same. as the rubber does not readily adhere to hard substances. To anchor the studs they have been provided with flan es embedded in the rubber or they have ha split stems to pro- Lect through the rubber so that they may be cut over on the opposite side and they have also been secured y pins passed through transverse holes in the stems of the studs but all of these devices are found to pull through the rubber as the latter, being elastic, yields and thereby allows the anchoring portion to pass.

According to this invention it is proposed totemploy a stud or block having one or more passages that are a proximately perpendicular to the crown o the stud, are open at the base to receive the rubber and are intersected by one or more transverse passages.

, When the rubber or other material is forced stud or block shown in Fi into the passages of such a stud it locks the same securely 1n place, as that in the perpendicular passage holds it against lateral displacement and that in the transverse passages holds it against displacement in a direction perpendicular to t e crown.

In the accompanying drawings :F1 re 1 shows in perspective a stud construct according to one method of car invention: Fi 2 is a section 0 the same on the line 2'9. looking in the direction of the arrow: Fi 3 is a plan of a modified form of stud or lflock'but embodyingthe same essential features as that shown in Figs. 1 and 2: Fig. 4 is a section on the line H of the 3: Fi 5 1s a Ian of yet another modifie form 0 stud or lock: ig. 6 is an underside view of the same: Fig. 7 shows a. section through the Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 3,'1909.

ing out this I Patent-ed Feb. '8, 1910.

Serial No. 500,027.

block on the line 7-7 of Fig. fiz'Fig, 8 is a side view of the block taken at right angles to the section on the line 7-7 Fig. Sis an elevation of a stud similar to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and Fig. 10 is a further modification of that shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

The stud showirin Fig. 1 is bored trans- 'versely in two directions as shown at A A these passages intersecting each other. The stud is also boredin a direction'that is approximately perpendicular to. the crown the resulting passage B being open at the base, but extending only part way to the crown. There is, however, a smaller passage'B that extends from the intersecting passages A A and Bto the. surface of the crown B. The stem A which is rendered hollow by the passage B, is surmounted at its base by a flange A; near the crown is a second flange A. It will be seen that if such astud is embedded in the rubber or other elastic material with which it'is to be employed and the material is forced into the passages A A and B so that it'constitutes a solid core through the stud, the latter is firmly held against displacement in a direction perpendicular to the crown by the ruhberin the passages A A and against displacement laterally by that in the passage B. The flange A? also forms a foundation'for the stud and resists perpendicular displacement in both directions and-the flange A which is preferably flush with the surface of the material in which it is embedded resists ner pendicular displacement in one direction. The small passage B is a vent whereby the air escapes when the rubber or other material is pressed into the passages A .A' and B. The passage B I filled ,with elastic material and is intended to'permit the egress of air as the material is forced into the interior of the stud. Obviously a number of these studs may be combined to form a single block as shown at C in Figs. 3 and 4. In such case the perpendicular passages 13 areset out in line with each other so that the intersecting passages A and A" may L'I'BVGI'S-Q thesame in straight lines as shown. This construction 7 permits the blocks to beforined from solid metal b drilling. Flanges A" A similar to the anges A A are also provided.

may or may not be' In Figs. 5 to 811 block similar to that united to and form a more satisfactory'juncslightly different means. open passages or channels D being substituted for the passages B and A. These channels are provided on the underside of the block and are traversed by the passages A. It will be. seen that this block provides a series of locking cores that extend through the passages A and prevent displacement in a perpendicular direction or in a direction transverse to that of the passage while the rubber in the open passages or channels D prevents displacement in, a direction transverse to these channels. If the blocks are made from the solid the channels D can be milled out and only the passages A need be drilled.

Some varieties of rubber are more easily ture with metal than others and the interior of the studs or blocks may be filled with rubber or other compositi'on'of this class if. desired, the whole being then embedded in the main body of the elastic material. Such a construction falls within the scope of this invention although no claim is made for embedding the stud in or filling it with a special class of rubber or composition which I is afterward with the stud, embedded in another class of rubber or composition.

If'desired the proportions of the stud may differ from those shown in the drawings for instance the head and stem portions may he of the same size and the flanges may be dispensed with as shown in Figs. 9 and 10.

It will be understood that when dealing with rubber the rubber is forced into the '5 s'tuds or blocks prior to yulcanization and i the whole afterward vulcanized together.

W'hat I claim as my invention and desire 3 to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A stud or block for the purpose dei scribed having a cavity that extends from g the base toward the crown and is open at the 1 stud is to be embedded, and a passage that intersects said cavity and is open at the side of the stud or block to receive sand material.

scribed having -a. cavity that extends from the base toward the crown and is open at the base, to receive the material in which the stud is to be embedded, a passage that in tersects said cavity and is open at the side of the stud or block, to receive said material, and a. lateral flange on tlie'stud that lies in a plane approximately parallel to the face of the crown for the purpose of resisting displacement in a direction such face.

4. A'stud or block for the purpose described having a cavity that extends from the base toward the crown and is open at the base, to receive the material in which the stud is to be embedded, but is closed at the crown except for a vent orifice (B'), and a passage that intersects the cavity and is open at the side of the stud or block to receive said material. a

5. A stud or. block for the purpose describedhaving a plurality ofcavities that extend from the base toward the crown and are open at the base, to receive the material in which the stud is to be embedded. and a plurality of passages that intersect said cavities and are open at the side of the stud or block to receive said material.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS SLOPER.

lVituesses:

FREDERICK JAMES CaosLnY, Hanou) Paasoxs.

perpendicular to 

